PMDD (Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder), hay con goi la roi loan khi sac tien kinh nguyet, la mot tinh trang roi loan lien quan den chu ky kinh nguyet, dac trung boi nhung thay doi nghiem trong ve cam xuc, tam trang va the chat truoc ky kinh.

Phu nu mac PMDD co the cam thay buon ba, lo au, de cau gian, mat kiem soat cam xuc, kho tap trung, met moi hoac mat ngu trong nhung ngay truoc khi hanh kinh. Cac trieu chung thuong giam ro ret sau khi kinh nguyet bat dau va it xuat hien trong khoang thoi gian sau ky kinh.

Khac voi hoi chung tien kinh nguyet thong thuong (PMS), PMDD co muc do nghiem trong hon va co the anh huong dang ke den cong viec, hoc tap, sinh hoat cung nhu cac moi quan he.

Dang chu y, PMDD khong don thuan la tinh trang thay doi tam trang truoc ky kinh. Day la mot roi loan duoc cong nhan trong y hoc, can duoc danh gia va dieu tri phu hop.

Vay PMDD la gi, nguyen nhan do dau, co nguy hiem khong, khac PMS nhu the nao va dieu tri ra sao? Hay cung tim hieu chi tiet trong bai viet duoi day.

Xem them: https://thienhanhhospital.com

PMDD la gi?

PMDD la viet tat cua Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder, thuong duoc dich la roi loan khi sac tien kinh nguyet hoac roi loan tam than tien kinh nguyet.

Day la tinh trang xuat hien cac trieu chung cam xuc, hanh vi va the chat co tinh chu ky, lien quan chat che den giai doan truoc khi hanh kinh.

Cac trieu chung thuong:

Xuat hien trong tuan cuoi truoc khi bat dau ky kinh.

Bat dau cai thien trong vai ngay dau hanh kinh.

Giam xuong muc toi thieu hoac bien mat trong tuan sau ky kinh.

Tai dien qua nhieu chu ky.

Gay anh huong dang ke den chuc nang sinh hoat.

PMDD duoc phan loai trong nhom roi loan tram cam theo he thong chan doan DSM-5-TR.

Tuy nhien, dieu nay khong co nghia PMDD giong hoan toan voi tram cam thong thuong.

Diem dac trung cua PMDD la moi lien he ro ret giua trieu chung va chu ky kinh nguyet.

Xem them: Khoa noi soi - Benh Vien Da Khoa Thien Hanh

PMDD co pho bien khong?

PMDD it gap hon hoi chung tien kinh nguyet thong thuong.

Uoc tinh khoang 2–6% phu nu trong do tuoi sinh san co the dap ung cac tieu chuan chan doan PMDD, tuy phuong phap danh gia va quan the nghien cuu.

Ty le nay thap hon dang ke so voi PMS, von co the xuat hien o nhieu phu nu voi muc do tu nhe den trung binh.

PMDD co the xuat hien tu sau tuoi day thi cho den giai doan truoc man kinh.

Tuy nhien, khong phai moi truong hop cau gian, buon ba hoac met moi truoc ky kinh deu la PMDD.

Xem them:Benh Vien Thien Hanh Dak Lak

PMDD va PMS khac nhau nhu the nao?

PMDD va PMS deu lien quan den nhung thay doi truoc ky kinh, nhung khac nhau ve muc do nghiem trong va anh huong den cuoc song.

Tieu chi

PMS

PMDD

Ten goi

Hoi chung tien kinh nguyet

Roi loan khi sac tien kinh nguyet

Muc do

Thuong nhe den trung binh

Co the nghiem trong

Trieu chung cam xuc

De cau, buon nhe, nhay cam

Buon ba nang, lo au, cau gian hoac thay doi cam xuc ro

Trieu chung the chat

Day bung, cang nguc, dau dau

Co the co cac trieu chung tuong tu

Anh huong sinh hoat

Thuong van duy tri hoat dong

Co the anh huong dang ke den cong viec va cac moi quan he

Thoi diem

Truoc ky kinh

Chu yeu trong giai doan truoc ky kinh

Dieu tri

Thay doi loi song, dieu tri trieu chung khi can

Co the can thuoc, lieu phap tam ly va theo doi chuyen khoa



Diem khac biet quan trong nhat: PMDD gay suy giam chuc nang ro ret va phai dap ung cac tieu chuan chan doan cu the, khong chi dua tren muc do kho chiu chu quan.

Nguyen nhan PMDD la gi?

Nguyen nhan chinh xac cua PMDD chua duoc hieu day du.

Tuy nhien, cac nghien cuu cho thay tinh trang nay lien quan den su nhay cam bat thuong cua he than kinh doi voi nhung bien dong hormone sinh san trong chu ky kinh nguyet.

1. Nhay cam voi su thay doi estrogen va progesterone

Trong chu ky kinh nguyet, estrogen va progesterone thay doi theo tung giai doan.

O phu nu mac PMDD, nao bo co the phan ung manh hon voi nhung thay doi hormone binh thuong.

Dieu nay khong co nghia nguoi benh nhat thiet co nong do hormone cao hoac thap bat thuong.

2. Vai tro cua progesterone va allopregnanolone

Allopregnanolone la mot chat chuyen hoa cua progesterone, co tac dong den he thong dan truyen than kinh GABA trong nao.

Su nhay cam bat thuong voi nhung bien dong cua allopregnanolone duoc xem la mot co che co the gop phan gay PMDD.

3. Thay doi hoat dong serotonin

Serotonin tham gia dieu hoa tam trang, giac ngu va cam xuc.

Su thay doi trong he thong serotonin co the gop phan tao nen nhung trieu chung cam xuc cua PMDD.

Dieu nay cung giai thich vi sao mot so thuoc chong tram cam nhom SSRI co hieu qua trong dieu tri PMDD.

4. Yeu to di truyen

Mot so nghien cuu cho thay yeu to di truyen co the gop phan lam tang tinh nhay cam voi PMDD.

Tuy nhien, hien chua co xet nghiem di truyen thuong quy nao dung de chan doan benh.

5. Tien su roi loan tam trang

Phu nu co tien su tram cam hoac lo au co the gap cac trieu chung tam trang lien quan den chu ky kinh.

Tuy nhien, can phan biet PMDD voi tinh trang benh tam than san co tro nen nang hon truoc ky kinh.

6. Cang thang keo dai

Cang thang co the khien nguoi benh cam nhan trieu chung nang ne hon.

Tuy nhien, cang thang khong duoc xem la nguyen nhan duy nhat gay PMDD.

7. Thieu ngu

Thieu ngu co the lam tang cau gian, giam kha nang kiem soat cam xuc va anh huong den chat luong cuoc song.

8. Nhung yeu to sinh hoc khac

Cac co che lien quan den he than kinh, phan ung viem va su dieu hoa cam xuc van dang duoc nghien cuu.

PMDD co phai do roi loan noi tiet to khong?

PMDD co lien quan den hormone sinh san, nhung khong dong nghia voi viec nguoi benh bi roi loan nong do hormone.

Nhieu phu nu mac PMDD co ket qua xet nghiem estrogen va progesterone trong gioi han binh thuong.

Van de duoc cho la nam o cach he than kinh phan ung voi su thay doi hormone theo chu ky.

Vi vay, xet nghiem hormone thong thuong khong the tu xac dinh PMDD.

15 trieu chung PMDD thuong gap

PMDD co the gay ra nhieu trieu chung khac nhau.

Trong do, cac trieu chung cam xuc la thanh phan dac biet quan trong de chan doan.

1. Buon ba nghiem trong truoc ky kinh

Nguoi benh co the cam thay buon ba keo dai, tuyet vong hoac mat dong luc trong nhung ngay truoc khi hanh kinh.

2. De cau gian

Nhung tinh huong binh thuong co the khien nguoi benh phan ung manh hon.

3. Thay doi cam xuc dot ngot

Co the dang binh thuong nhung nhanh chong chuyen sang buon ba, tuc gian hoac muon khoc.

4. Lo au qua muc

Nguoi benh co the cam thay cang thang, bon chon hoac lo lang nhieu hon binh thuong.

5. Cam giac mat kiem soat

Mot so nguoi cam thay kho dieu chinh cam xuc hoac khong con kiem soat duoc phan ung cua ban than.

6. Giam hung thu voi hoat dong thuong ngay

Nhung hoat dong truoc day mang lai niem vui co the tro nen kem hap dan.

7. Kho tap trung

Nguoi benh co the gap kho khan khi lam viec, hoc tap hoac dua ra quyet dinh.

8. Met moi keo dai

Cam giac thieu nang luong co the xuat hien ngay ca khi khong hoat dong nhieu.

9. Mat ngu

Mot so phu nu kho di vao giac ngu hoac thuong xuyen thuc giac.

10. Ngu nhieu hon binh thuong

Nguoc lai, mot so nguoi co nhu cau ngu tang len.

11. Thay doi cam giac them an

Co the an nhieu hon, them do ngot hoac thay doi khau vi.

12. Cang tuc nguc

Day la trieu chung the chat co the gap trong ca PMS va PMDD.

13. Day bung

Nguoi benh co the cam thay chuong bung hoac kho chiu vung bung.

14. Dau dau hoac dau co

Mot so phu nu xuat hien dau dau, dau khop hoac dau co truoc ky kinh.

15. Y nghi tieu cuc hoac y nghi tu lam hai ban than

Trong nhung truong hop nghiem trong, PMDD co the di kem cam giac tuyet vong hoac y nghi tu sat.

Day la dau hieu can duoc danh gia va ho tro khan cap, khong nen xem la thay doi cam xuc binh thuong truoc ky kinh.

Trieu chung PMDD xuat hien khi nao?

PMDD thuong lien quan den giai doan hoang the, tuc khoang thoi gian sau rung trung va truoc ky kinh.

Mot chu ky dien hinh co the dien ra nhu sau:

Giai doan

Dac diem trieu chung

Sau khi ket thuc ky kinh

Thuong it hoac khong co trieu chung

Sau rung trung

Trieu chung co the bat dau xuat hien

Tuan cuoi truoc ky kinh

Trieu chung thuong ro nhat

Nhung ngay dau hanh kinh

Trieu chung bat dau cai thien

Tuan sau ky kinh

Trieu chung giam dang ke hoac bien mat



Tuy nhien, thoi diem xuat hien va muc do trieu chung co the khac nhau giua cac ca nhan.

PMDD keo dai bao nhieu ngay?

Trieu chung thuong noi bat trong khoang mot tuan truoc ky kinh va cai thien sau khi hanh kinh bat dau.

Mot so nguoi co the cam thay kho chiu trong phan lon giai doan hoang the.

Diem quan trong khong phai so ngay chinh xac ma la tinh chu ky va khoang thoi gian tuong doi it trieu chung sau ky kinh.

Neu cac trieu chung nghiem trong keo dai lien tuc trong ca thang, can danh gia them tram cam, lo au hoac nhung benh ly khac.

PMDD co nguy hiem khong?

PMDD co the anh huong nghiem trong den suc khoe tinh than va chat luong cuoc song.

1. Anh huong den cong viec

Nguoi benh co the kho tap trung, giam hieu suat hoac gap kho khan trong giao tiep.

2. Anh huong den hoc tap

Trieu chung co the lam giam kha nang ghi nho, tap trung va duy tri hoat dong hoc tap.

3. Anh huong den moi quan he

Cau gian, nhay cam va thay doi cam xuc co the gay cang thang trong cac moi quan he.

4. Roi loan giac ngu

Mat ngu hoac ngu qua nhieu co the lam tang met moi.

5. Giam chat luong cuoc song

Nguoi benh co the cam thay cuoc song bi chi phoi boi nhung thay doi truoc ky kinh.

6. Tang nguy co y nghi tu sat

PMDD co lien quan den nguy co y nghi va hanh vi tu sat cao hon.

Neu xuat hien y nghi tu lam hai ban than, co ke hoach tu sat hoac cam thay khong the giu an toan cho minh, can tim su ho tro ngay lap tuc. Hay lien he nguoi than dang tin cay, den khoa cap cuu gan nhat hoac goi 115 tai Viet Nam neu co nguy co khan cap.

Khong nen cho den khi ky kinh bat dau moi tim kiem su giup do.

PMDD co phai benh tram cam khong?

PMDD va tram cam co mot so trieu chung tuong tu, chang han:

Buon ba.

Mat hung thu.

Met moi.

Kho tap trung.

Roi loan giac ngu.

Cam giac tuyet vong.

Tuy nhien, hai tinh trang co dac diem khac nhau.

PMDD

Trieu chung xuat hien theo chu ky kinh nguyet va giam ro ret sau khi hanh kinh bat dau.

Tram cam

Trieu chung co the keo dai lien tuc va khong nhat thiet lien quan den chu ky kinh.

Mot nguoi cung co the dong thoi mac PMDD va tram cam.

Do do, can danh gia toan dien thay vi chi dua vao thoi diem cam thay buon ba.

PMDD va tram cam truoc ky kinh khac nhau nhu the nao?

Mot tinh trang de nham lan voi PMDD la Premenstrual Exacerbation – PME, tuc tinh trang benh ly tam than co san tro nen nang hon truoc ky kinh.

Vi du, nguoi mac tram cam co the buon ba trong ca thang nhung trieu chung tang manh truoc khi hanh kinh.

Trong khi do, PMDD dien hinh co khoang thoi gian it hoac khong co trieu chung sau ky kinh.

Viec ghi nhat ky trieu chung hang ngay giup phan biet hai tinh trang.

PMDD co gay roi loan kinh nguyet khong?

PMDD thuong khong truc tiep gay mat kinh hoac lam chu ky kinh nguyet khong deu.

Nguoi mac PMDD co the co chu ky kinh binh thuong.

Neu xuat hien mat kinh, tre kinh keo dai hoac rong kinh, bac si can danh gia nhung nguyen nhan khac.

Khong nen ket luan PMDD la nguyen nhan cua moi bat thuong kinh nguyet.

PMDD co gay vo sinh khong?

PMDD khong duoc xem la nguyen nhan truc tiep gay vo sinh.

Tinh trang nay chu yeu lien quan den su thay doi cam xuc va trieu chung the chat theo chu ky.

Tuy nhien, PMDD co the anh huong den doi song tinh duc, cac moi quan he va ke hoach mang thai.

Neu nguoi benh gap kho khan trong viec thu thai, can danh gia nhung nguyen nhan sinh san khac.

PMDD co anh huong den kha nang mang thai khong?

PMDD khong dong nghia voi viec nguoi benh khong the mang thai.

Tuy nhien, neu dang dieu tri bang thuoc va co ke hoach mang thai, can trao doi voi bac si truoc khi thay doi hoac ngung thuoc.

Mot so phuong phap dieu tri PMDD co the khong phu hop trong thai ky hoac can duoc dieu chinh.

PMDD khi mang thai co con xuat hien khong?

PMDD dien hinh lien quan den chu ky rung trung va kinh nguyet.

Trong thai ky, chu ky kinh nguyet tam thoi ngung lai, vi vay cac dot PMDD theo chu ky thuong khong xuat hien theo cach thong thuong.

Tuy nhien, phu nu van co the gap tram cam, lo au hoac nhung van de suc khoe tam than khac trong thai ky.

Khong nen cho rang moi trieu chung tam trang khi mang thai deu do PMDD.

PMDD sau sinh co nguy hiem khong?

Sau sinh, noi tiet to thay doi manh va nguoi me co the gap nhieu van de suc khoe tinh than.

Tuy nhien, tram cam sau sinh va PMDD la nhung tinh trang khac nhau.

Neu xuat hien buon ba keo dai, lo au nghiem trong, mat ngu hoac y nghi tu lam hai ban than sau sinh, can duoc danh gia som.

Khong nen tu ket luan do la PMDD chi vi co tien su mac benh.

PMDD o tuoi day thi

PMDD co the xuat hien o thanh thieu nien sau khi bat dau co kinh nguyet.

Trieu chung co the anh huong den:

Hoc tap.

Kha nang tap trung.

Quan he ban be.

Sinh hoat gia dinh.

Giac ngu.

Suc khoe tinh than.

Tuy nhien, chu ky kinh o tuoi day thi co the chua on dinh.

Viec chan doan can duoc thuc hien than trong va xem xet nhung van de tam ly thuong gap o lua tuoi nay.

PMDD o phu nu tien man kinh

Trong giai doan tien man kinh, hormone sinh san co the dao dong nhieu hon va chu ky kinh co the thay doi.

Mot so phu nu co tien su PMDD nhan thay trieu chung tro nen kho du doan hoac nghiem trong hon.

Tuy nhien, khong phai moi thay doi tam trang trong giai doan tien man kinh deu la PMDD.

Bac si can phan biet voi roi loan giac ngu, trieu chung van mach, tram cam va nhung tinh trang khac.

PMDD co het sau man kinh khong?

PMDD dien hinh thuong khong con xuat hien sau man kinh tu nhien vi chu ky rung trung va kinh nguyet da cham dut.

Tuy nhien, phu nu sau man kinh van co the gap nhung van de tam trang do nguyen nhan khac.

Neu buon ba hoac lo au keo dai sau man kinh, can duoc danh gia doc lap thay vi mac dinh la PMDD.

PMDD duoc chan doan nhu the nao?

Chan doan PMDD dua tren dac diem trieu chung, muc do anh huong va moi lien he voi chu ky kinh nguyet.

Khong co mot xet nghiem mau hoac sieu am don le nao co the xac dinh PMDD.

1. Khai thac trieu chung

Bac si co the hoi:

Trieu chung bat dau khi nao?

Co xuat hien truoc moi ky kinh khong?

Trieu chung giam sau khi hanh kinh khong?

Co anh huong den cong viec hoac hoc tap khong?

Co buon ba, lo au hoac cau gian nghiem trong khong?

Co mat ngu hoac thay doi cam giac them an khong?

Co tien su tram cam hoac lo au khong?

Co su dung thuoc noi tiet hoac thuoc tam than khong?

Co y nghi tu lam hai ban than khong?

2. Danh gia tieu chuan chan doan

Theo tieu chuan DSM-5-TR, PMDD thuong can co it nhat 5 trieu chung trong phan lon cac chu ky kinh, xuat hien trong tuan cuoi truoc ky kinh va cai thien sau khi kinh bat dau.

Trong so cac trieu chung do, phai co it nhat mot trieu chung cam xuc cot loi:

Thay doi cam xuc ro ret.

Cau gian hoac tuc gian ro ret.

Buon ba, tuyet vong hoac tu danh gia ban than tieu cuc.

Lo au hoac cang thang ro ret.

Cac trieu chung khac co the gom:

Giam hung thu voi hoat dong thuong ngay.

Kho tap trung.

Met moi.

Thay doi cam giac them an.

Roi loan giac ngu.

Cam giac qua tai hoac mat kiem soat.

Trieu chung the chat nhu cang nguc, day bung hoac dau co.

Trieu chung phai gay anh huong dang ke den hoat dong thuong ngay va khong chi la bieu hien nang len cua mot roi loan tam than khac.

3. Ghi nhat ky trieu chung trong it nhat hai chu ky

Viec ghi nhan trieu chung hang ngay trong it nhat hai chu ky co trieu chung la phuong phap quan trong de xac nhan tinh chu ky cua PMDD.

Bac si co the su dung bang theo doi hoac cong cu nhu Daily Record of Severity of Problems – DRSP.

4. Loai tru nhung benh ly khac

Bac si co the danh gia them:

Tram cam.

Roi loan lo au.

Roi loan luong cuc.

Roi loan tuyen giap.

Tac dung phu cua thuoc.

Cac tinh trang lien quan den giac ngu.

Nhung van de suc khoe khac.

5. Xet nghiem khi co chi dinh

Khong phai nguoi nghi ngo PMDD nao cung can xet nghiem hormone.

Xet nghiem chi duoc chi dinh khi co dau hieu goi y nhung nguyen nhan khac.

Bang theo doi trieu chung PMDD tai nha

Nguoi benh co the ghi nhan cac trieu chung moi ngay theo thang diem tu 0 den 4.

Trieu chung

0 diem

1 diem

2 diem

3 diem

4 diem

Buon ba

Khong co

Rat nhe

Nhe

Ro ret

Rat nghiem trong

Cau gian

Khong co

Rat nhe

Nhe

Ro ret

Rat nghiem trong

Lo au

Khong co

Rat nhe

Nhe

Ro ret

Rat nghiem trong

Kho tap trung

Khong co

Rat nhe

Nhe

Ro ret

Rat nghiem trong

Met moi

Khong co

Rat nhe

Nhe

Ro ret

Rat nghiem trong

Mat ngu

Khong co

Rat nhe

Nhe

Ro ret

Rat nghiem trong

Day bung, cang nguc

Khong co

Rat nhe

Nhe

Ro ret

Rat nghiem trong



Ngoai muc do trieu chung, nen ghi lai:

Ngay bat dau va ket thuc ky kinh.

Muc do anh huong den cong viec.

Muc do anh huong den cac moi quan he.

Chat luong giac ngu.

Thuoc dang su dung.

Nhung yeu to cang thang dac biet.

Bang nay chi co gia tri tham khao va khong thay the cong cu chan doan chuan hoa.

PMDD co chua duoc khong?

PMDD co the duoc kiem soat va cai thien dang ke bang nhung phuong phap dieu tri phu hop.

Muc tieu dieu tri gom:

Giam trieu chung cam xuc.

Cai thien giac ngu.

Giam trieu chung the chat.

Duy tri kha nang hoc tap va lam viec.

Cai thien chat luong cuoc song.

Giam nguy co ton hai suc khoe tinh than.

Khong co mot phuong phap duy nhat phu hop cho tat ca nguoi benh.

8 phuong phap dieu tri PMDD

1. Thuoc chong tram cam nhom SSRI

SSRI la mot trong nhung phuong phap dieu tri co bang chung hieu qua tot doi voi PMDD.

Mot so thuoc co the duoc bac si can nhac gom:

Fluoxetine.

Sertraline.

Escitalopram.

Thuoc co the duoc su dung hang ngay hoac theo nhung lich dung phu hop voi chu ky, tuy tinh trang va chi dinh.

Khong nen tu mua, thay doi lieu hoac ngung thuoc dot ngot.

2. Thuoc tranh thai noi tiet phoi hop

Mot so thuoc tranh thai phoi hop, dac biet nhung che pham chua drospirenone va ethinyl estradiol voi lich dung phu hop, co the giup cai thien trieu chung o mot so phu nu.

Tuy nhien, thuoc tranh thai noi tiet khong phu hop voi tat ca moi nguoi.

Bac si can danh gia nhung chong chi dinh nhu nguy co huyet khoi, mot so benh ly tim mach hoac dau nua dau co aura.

3. Lieu phap nhan thuc hanh vi

Lieu phap nhan thuc hanh vi (CBT) co the giup nguoi benh:

Nhan biet suy nghi tieu cuc.

Dieu chinh phan ung voi cang thang.

Cai thien ky nang quan ly cam xuc.

Giam anh huong cua trieu chung den sinh hoat.

CBT co the duoc su dung don doc hoac ket hop voi dieu tri bang thuoc.

4. Tap the duc deu dan

Hoat dong the chat co the ho tro giac ngu, tam trang va suc khoe tong the.

Nguoi benh co the lua chon di bo, dap xe, boi loi hoac nhung hoat dong phu hop.

Tuy nhien, tap the duc khong thay the dieu tri chuyen khoa khi PMDD nghiem trong.

5. Cai thien giac ngu

Duy tri gio ngu on dinh va han che nhung yeu to gay mat ngu co the ho tro kiem soat trieu chung.

6. Quan ly cang thang

Mot so bien phap co the huu ich gom:

Tho cham.

Thien.

Yoga nhe.

Sap xep thoi gian nghi ngoi.

Tu van tam ly.

7. Dieu tri noi tiet chuyen sau

Trong nhung truong hop nghiem trong, kho dap ung voi cac phuong phap thong thuong, bac si chuyen khoa co the can nhac cac bien phap uc che hoat dong buong trung, chang han thuoc dong van GnRH.

Nhung phuong phap nay co the gay tac dung phu va can theo doi chat che.

8. Phau thuat trong truong hop rat dac biet

Phau thuat cat buong trung khong phai phuong phap dieu tri thuong quy.

Chi trong mot so truong hop PMDD dac biet nghiem trong, keo dai, khong dap ung nhieu phuong phap va da duoc danh gia chuyen sau, phau thuat moi co the duoc thao luan.

Day la quyet dinh lon vi anh huong vinh vien den kha nang sinh san va noi tiet.

PMDD uong thuoc gi?

Cac thuoc thuong duoc can nhac trong dieu tri PMDD gom:

Thuoc chong tram cam nhom SSRI.

Mot so thuoc tranh thai noi tiet phoi hop.

Nhung phuong phap dieu tri noi tiet chuyen sau trong truong hop chon loc.

Viec lua chon phu thuoc vao:

Muc do trieu chung.

Tien su benh tam than.

Nguy co tu sat.

Mong muon mang thai.

Cac benh ly di kem.

Chong chi dinh thuoc.

Tac dung phu.

Muc do dap ung voi dieu tri truoc do.

Khong nen tu dung thuoc chong tram cam hoac thuoc noi tiet khi chua duoc bac si danh gia.

PMDD co can dieu tri bang thuoc chong tram cam khong?

Khong phai moi truong hop deu bat buoc dung thuoc.

Tuy nhien, SSRI la mot lua chon dieu tri quan trong, dac biet khi trieu chung nghiem trong hoac anh huong ro den chuc nang sinh hoat.

Viec dieu tri can dua tren muc do benh, mong muon cua nguoi benh va danh gia chuyen mon.

PMDD co nen dung thuoc tranh thai khong?

Mot so thuoc tranh thai phoi hop co the giup kiem soat trieu chung PMDD.

Tuy nhien, khong phai moi loai thuoc tranh thai deu co hieu qua tuong duong.

Mot so phu nu co the gap thay doi tam trang khi su dung noi tiet to.

Vi vay, can duoc tu van va theo doi thay vi tu chon thuoc.

PMDD co tu khoi khong?

PMDD co the thay doi muc do qua tung giai doan cuoc song.

Tuy nhien, nhieu nguoi tiep tuc gap trieu chung qua nhieu chu ky neu khong duoc dieu tri phu hop.

Khong nen cho benh tu khoi khi trieu chung anh huong nghiem trong den sinh hoat hoac suc khoe tinh than.

PMDD co tai phat khong?

Co the.

Vi PMDD lien quan den chu ky kinh nguyet, trieu chung co the tai dien trong cac chu ky tiep theo.

Ngay ca khi da cai thien voi dieu tri, nguoi benh van can theo doi va trao doi voi bac si truoc khi thay doi phac do.

PMDD nen an gi?

Khong co thuc pham nao duoc chung minh co the chua khoi PMDD.

Tuy nhien, che do an can doi co the ho tro suc khoe tong the.

1. Rau xanh

Cung cap chat xo, vitamin va khoang chat.

2. Trai cay

Co the giup bo sung nhung duong chat can thiet.

3. Ngu coc nguyen hat

Giup cung cap nang luong va chat xo.

4. Thuc pham giau protein

Co the lua chon ca, thit nac, trung, dau va cac nguon protein phu hop.

5. Thuc pham giau canxi

Mot so nghien cuu ve trieu chung tien kinh nguyet cho thay canxi co the mang lai loi ich o mot so nguoi, nhung bang chung rieng cho PMDD con han che.

6. Uong du nuoc

Duy tri du nuoc giup ho tro suc khoe tong the.

Khong nen su dung che do an thay the cho dieu tri khi trieu chung nghiem trong.

PMDD co nen bo sung vitamin B6 khong?

Vitamin B6 tung duoc nghien cuu trong dieu tri cac trieu chung tien kinh nguyet.

Tuy nhien, bang chung ve hieu qua doi voi PMDD con han che.

Su dung vitamin B6 lieu cao keo dai co the gay ton thuong than kinh ngoai bien.

Vi vay, khong nen tu bo sung lieu cao voi muc dich dieu tri PMDD.

PMDD co nen uong magie khong?

Magie co the duoc nghien cuu trong ho tro mot so trieu chung tien kinh nguyet.

Tuy nhien, chua co du bang chung de xem magie la phuong phap dieu tri chinh cho PMDD.

Viec bo sung can dua tren nhu cau thuc te va tu van chuyen mon.

PMDD nen kieng gi?

Khong co danh sach thuc pham bat buoc phai kieng cho tat ca nguoi mac PMDD.

Tuy nhien, nguoi benh co the can nhac han che nhung yeu to lam trieu chung nang hon, chang han:

Thieu ngu.

Uong qua nhieu caffeine neu gay lo au hoac mat ngu.

Uong ruou neu lam tam trang xau di.

Cang thang keo dai.

Tu y su dung hoac ngung thuoc.

Bo qua cac dau hieu suc khoe tam than nghiem trong.

10 cach ho tro kiem soat PMDD tai nha

1. Theo doi chu ky kinh nguyet

Ghi lai trieu chung hang ngay de nhan biet quy luat xuat hien.

2. Duy tri giac ngu on dinh

Co gang ngu va thuc day vao nhung gio tuong doi co dinh.

3. Tap the duc phu hop

Duy tri hoat dong the chat deu dan.

4. An uong can doi

Han che bo bua va duy tri che do dinh duong phu hop.

5. Giam caffeine neu nhay cam

Dac biet neu thuong xuyen mat ngu hoac lo au.

6. Thuc hanh thu gian

Co the thu thien, yoga nhe hoac cac bai tap tho.

7. Trao doi voi nguoi than

Giup nguoi xung quanh hieu ro tinh chu ky cua trieu chung.

8. Chu dong sap xep cong viec

Neu co the, phan bo nhung cong viec can tap trung cao vao thoi diem trieu chung nhe hon.

9. Tuan thu dieu tri

Khong tu ngung thuoc khi thay trieu chung cai thien.

10. Tim kiem ho tro khi can

Neu trieu chung anh huong ro den sinh hoat, nen duoc danh gia boi nhan vien y te.

Khi nao can di kham vi PMDD?

Nen di kham neu:

Buon ba nghiem trong truoc ky kinh.

Cau gian hoac lo au anh huong den cac moi quan he.

Kho lam viec hoac hoc tap trong nhieu ngay moi thang.

Mat ngu keo dai.

Cam giac tuyet vong truoc ky kinh.

Trieu chung lap lai qua nhieu chu ky.

Cac bien phap ho tro thong thuong khong hieu qua.

Nghi ngo dong thoi mac tram cam hoac lo au.

Dau hieu can ho tro khan cap

Can tim kiem ho tro ngay neu xuat hien:

Y nghi tu sat.

Co ke hoach tu lam hai ban than.

Cam giac khong the kiem soat hanh vi nguy hiem.

Mat kha nang tu cham soc ban than.

Kich dong hoac roi loan tam than nghiem trong.

Neu co nguy co tu lam hai ban than ngay luc nay, hay den co so cap cuu gan nhat, goi 115 hoac nho nguoi than o ben va ho tro tiep can cham soc khan cap.

Kham va tu van PMDD tai Buon Ma Thuot

PMDD la tinh trang lien quan den ca suc khoe sinh san va suc khoe tam than.

Viec danh gia co the can su phoi hop giua bac si San phu khoa va chuyen gia suc khoe tam than de xac dinh tinh chu ky cua trieu chung, phan biet voi nhung roi loan khac va lua chon phuong phap dieu tri phu hop.

Doi voi phu nu tai Dak Lak va khu vuc Tay Nguyen, co the lien he Benh vien Da khoa Thien Hanh tai Buon Ma Thuot de tim hieu ve dich vu kham San phu khoa va cac hinh thuc tu van hoac chuyen kham chuyen khoa suc khoe tam than hien co.

Khi di kham PMDD can chuan bi gi?

Nguoi benh co the chuan bi:

Ngay bat dau va ket thuc cac ky kinh gan day.

Nhat ky trieu chung trong it nhat hai chu ky neu co.

Nhung thay doi ve tam trang.

Muc do anh huong den cong viec.

Tinh trang giac ngu.

Tien su tram cam hoac lo au.

Cac loai thuoc dang su dung.

Tien su su dung thuoc tranh thai.

Mong muon mang thai.

Nhung cau hoi can trao doi voi bac si.

Nhung cau hoi nen trao doi voi bac si

Trieu chung cua toi co phu hop voi PMDD khong?

Toi co can theo doi them chu ky khong?

Lam sao phan biet PMDD voi tram cam?

Co can xet nghiem hormone khong?

Toi co phu hop voi thuoc SSRI khong?

Thuoc tranh thai co giup cai thien trieu chung khong?

Co can tu van tam ly khong?

Dieu tri trong bao lau?

Neu muon mang thai thi can dieu chinh thuoc nhu the nao?

Khi nao can tai kham?

Lam gi neu trieu chung tai phat?

Toi nen lam gi neu xuat hien y nghi tu lam hai ban than?

Nguoi benh co the lien he Benh vien Da khoa Thien Hanh tai Buon Ma Thuot de xac nhan lich kham, danh muc dich vu va kha nang phoi hop chuyen khoa.

10 sai lam thuong gap ve PMDD

1. Cho rang PMDD chi la PMS nang hon mot chut

Khong dung. PMDD co tieu chuan chan doan rieng va co the gay suy giam chuc nang dang ke.

2. Nghi rang PMDD la do nguoi benh yeu duoi

Khong dung. PMDD la mot tinh trang suc khoe co co so sinh hoc.

3. Cho rang PMDD luon do hormone qua cao hoac qua thap

Khong dung. Nhieu nguoi mac PMDD co nong do hormone binh thuong.

4. Chi dua vao mot lan thay doi tam trang de chan doan

Khong phu hop. Can danh gia tinh chu ky va cac tieu chuan lien quan.

5. Nghi rang PMDD giong hoan toan voi tram cam

Khong dung. PMDD co moi lien he dac trung voi chu ky kinh nguyet.

6. Cho rang chi can an uong la co the chua khoi PMDD

Khong co bang chung cho thay che do an don thuan co the chua khoi PMDD.

7. Tu dung thuoc chong tram cam

Khong nen. Can duoc danh gia va ke don phu hop.

8. Tu su dung thuoc tranh thai de dieu tri

Khong phai moi thuoc tranh thai deu phu hop voi PMDD.

9. Nghi rang PMDD khong anh huong nghiem trong den suc khoe

Khong dung. PMDD co the lien quan den nguy co tu sat va suy giam chat luong cuoc song.

10. Tri hoan tim kiem ho tro khi co y nghi tu sat

Day la sai lam nguy hiem. Nguoi benh can duoc ho tro ngay lap tuc.

20 cau hoi thuong gap ve PMDD

1. PMDD la gi?

PMDD la roi loan khi sac tien kinh nguyet, gay cac trieu chung cam xuc va the chat nghiem trong theo chu ky kinh.

2. PMDD viet tat cua tu gi?

PMDD la viet tat cua Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder.

3. PMDD tieng Viet la gi?

Thuong duoc goi la roi loan khi sac tien kinh nguyet hoac roi loan tam than tien kinh nguyet.

4. PMDD co pho bien khong?

Uoc tinh khoang 2–6% phu nu trong do tuoi sinh san co the dap ung tieu chuan chan doan.

5. PMDD va PMS khac nhau nhu the nao?

PMDD co trieu chung nghiem trong hon va gay anh huong ro den sinh hoat.

6. Nguyen nhan PMDD la gi?

Co lien quan den su nhay cam bat thuong voi bien dong hormone sinh san trong chu ky.

7. PMDD co phai do roi loan noi tiet khong?

Khong nhat thiet. Nong do hormone co the binh thuong.

8. Trieu chung PMDD la gi?

Thuong gom buon ba, cau gian, lo au, thay doi cam xuc, mat ngu, met moi va kho tap trung.

9. PMDD xuat hien truoc ky kinh bao lau?

Thuong ro nhat trong tuan cuoi truoc ky kinh.

10. PMDD keo dai bao nhieu ngay?

Trieu chung thuong giam trong vai ngay dau hanh kinh va it xuat hien trong tuan sau ky kinh.

11. PMDD co nguy hiem khong?

Co the anh huong nghiem trong den suc khoe tinh than va lam tang nguy co y nghi tu sat.

12. PMDD co phai tram cam khong?

PMDD thuoc nhom roi loan tram cam trong DSM-5-TR nhung khac voi tram cam keo dai khong phu thuoc chu ky.

13. PMDD co gay vo sinh khong?

Khong duoc xem la nguyen nhan truc tiep gay vo sinh.

14. PMDD co mang thai duoc khong?

Co the. Nguoi dang dieu tri can trao doi voi bac si khi co ke hoach mang thai.

15. PMDD co het khi mang thai khong?

Cac dot trieu chung theo chu ky kinh thuong khong xuat hien trong thai ky, nhung nhung van de tam trang khac van co the xay ra.

16. PMDD co het sau man kinh khong?

PMDD dien hinh thuong cham dut sau man kinh tu nhien.

17. PMDD duoc chan doan nhu the nao?

Dua tren tieu chuan trieu chung va nhat ky theo doi hang ngay qua it nhat hai chu ky.

18. PMDD co chua duoc khong?

Co the kiem soat va cai thien dang ke bang phuong phap dieu tri phu hop.

19. PMDD uong thuoc gi?

SSRI va mot so thuoc tranh thai noi tiet phoi hop la nhung lua chon thuong duoc can nhac.

20. Khi nao can di kham PMDD?

Khi trieu chung anh huong dang ke den sinh hoat, cong viec, cac moi quan he hoac suc khoe tinh than.

Ket luan

PMDD (Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder) la roi loan khi sac tien kinh nguyet, dac trung boi nhung thay doi nghiem trong ve cam xuc, tam trang va the chat trong giai doan truoc ky kinh.

Cac trieu chung thuong bao gom buon ba, lo au, cau gian, thay doi cam xuc, mat ngu, met moi va kho tap trung. Diem dac trung cua PMDD la trieu chung xuat hien theo chu ky va giam ro ret sau khi hanh kinh bat dau.

PMDD khac voi PMS thong thuong o muc do nghiem trong va anh huong den chat luong cuoc song.

Dieu tri co the bao gom thuoc chong tram cam nhom SSRI, mot so thuoc tranh thai noi tiet phoi hop, lieu phap nhan thuc hanh vi va cac bien phap ho tro loi song.

Dac biet, neu nguoi benh xuat hien y nghi tu sat hoac tu lam hai ban than, can tim kiem ho tro y te khan cap.

Doi voi phu nu tai Dak Lak va khu vuc Tay Nguyen, co the lien he Benh vien Da khoa Thien Hanh tai Buon Ma Thuot de tim hieu ve dich vu kham San phu khoa va kha nang tu van hoac phoi hop chuyen khoa suc khoe tam than hien co.

Viec nhan biet dung trieu chung, theo doi chu ky kinh nguyet va dieu tri phu hop co the giup nguoi mac PMDD cai thien suc khoe tinh than, duy tri sinh hoat va nang cao chat luong cuoc song.